This article was published in September 2015 in the Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment journal.
This bibliography reviews the latest developments regarding the “duck-rice farming” interactions. It suggests that the winter flooding of rice fields seems to be the most beneficial for both ducks and rice farmers agronomically speaking.
You can access it on the publisher’s website as well as its abstract though the opposite link.
Photo : flooded rice field in the Ebro delta, Spain (© J. C. Cicera)